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Tubal ligation, also known as tubal sterilization, is a permanent method of birth control. In tubal ligation surgery, the fallopian tubes are cut, tied or blocked to provide permanent birth control. This process prevents pregnancy by preventing the egg and sperm from fertilization through the tubes. It is not related to ovaries itself and does not affect the menstrual cycle. Although tubal ligation is most commonly performed during cesarean delivery, it can be performed at any time. It is a good and comfortable way of contraception, permanently prevents pregnancy, so you no longer need any form of birth control. However, it does not protect against sexually transmitted infections. However you should keep in mind that tubal ligation not a reversible procedure, tube opening surgery is very difficult and often ineffective.
When tubal ligation is performed alone, it is almost always applied laparoscopically. It is performed with two holes one just adjacent to the belly button and usually one in the lower groin area, by inserting a long, thin, rod-shaped camera and a cutting tool. Laparoscopy has many advantages over traditional open surgery; the most important of these is shorter hospital stay and faster recovery time; it is also advantageous to have less pain and bleeding and much smaller scars after the operation. Because of these advantages, laparoscopy is always the preferred method.
Before the surgery, your doctor will receive signatures from you and your partner stating that you want permanent sterilization and give your consent. In addition, if it is not performed during menstruation, your doctor may ask you to have a pregnancy test to make sure you are not pregnant.
Most patients who have laparoscopic tubal ligation surgery can go home the same day, a few hours after the surgery. Tubal ligation during cesarean section does not require a longer stay in the hospital.
The probability of getting pregnant in tubal ligation surgery is less than 1%, and unfortunately, if it occurs, it may be in the form of an ectopic pregnancy. An ectopic pregnancy requires immediate
medical treatment. If you suspect pregnancy after tubal ligation, please consult your doctor immediately.
After laparoscopy, you may feel some discomfort at the incision site. This is normal and takes a short time. Also, since it is done under general anesthesia, you may feel dizzy and nauseated while recovering from the effects of the anesthesia. These are common side effects of anesthesia and pass very quickly. Close monitoring is required for several hours until fully awakened and able to eat, drink and urinate.
For a few days after the procedure, you are likely to experience some pain and discomfort where the incisions were made, and you may also have a sore throat due to the breathing tube placed in your throat for anesthesia. If there is pain, you can use painkillers as you wish. Some of the gas used to inflate your abdomen may remain inside after the procedure, causing bloating, cramping or shoulder pain that lasts for several days. All of these symptoms go away within a few days.
In this type of surgery, you can usually resume your normal activities within 5 days.